Rabu, 13 Maret 2013

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Future Perfect Continous Tense)


Chapter 16
PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE


S + would have + been + verb 4…..IF + S + had + verb 3…….

S + wouldn’t have  been + verb 4…….object…………etc

Would + S + have been + verb 4.. …….object………..etc ?

Example :

-          Sedianya rapat tengah akan dimulai sejak pagi ANDAIKATA walikota sudah datang tepat pada waktunya
-          The meeting would have been starting since this morning if Mayor had come on time.

Exercise : Translate these sentences into English!

1.      Sedianya concert itu tengah akan dimulai andaikata artis artis itu datang pada waktunya.
2.      Sedianya saya tengah akan tidur andaikata mereka belum datang
3.      Andaikata ayah saya telah selesai berbelanja, ibu saya akan memasak makanan itu  

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Future Perfect Tense)


Chapter 15
PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE 

S + would have + verb 3…..IF + S + had + verb 3…….

S + wouldn’t have  + verb 3 ……object………..etc

Would + S + have + verb 3 …….object………..etc ?

Example :

-          Ia sudah akan menjadi presiden ANDAIKATA partainya menang dalam pemilihan umum.
-          He would have become a presiden if his party had won in general election


Exercise : Translate these sentences into English!

1.      Jika saya telah mengetahui bahwa kamu sakit, saya akan menemuimu
2.      Tom tidak akan  mengikuti ujian itu jika dia mengetahui bahwa soalnya akan begitu sulit.
3.      Jika saya berjumpa dengan mu, saya akan mengatakan hello
4.      Jika saya telah mengumpulakan uang, saya akan menikahi mu
5.      Saya akan mengirim surat ini jika kamu telah selesai membuatmya

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Future Continous Tense)


Chapter 14
 PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + would be + Verb 4……when S + verb 2……….etc

S + wouldn’t + be + verb 4….when S + verb 2………etc

Would + S + be + verb  4 ….. when S + verb 2……etc ?

Example :

                  Sedianya mereka sedang akan pulang KETIKA kami datang
(+)    They would be going home when we came
(-)          They wouldn’t be going home when we came
(?)     Would they be going home when we came ?


Translate these sentences into English !
1.      Saya akan sedang menempuh ujian hari berikutnya pada waktu itu
2.      Kami akan sedang membangun rumah itu pada waktu itu
3.      Mereka sedang akan bermain babak kedua pada pertandingan sepakbola waktu itu.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Future Tense)


Chapter 13
PAST FUTURE TENSE

S + would + V1…IF + S + verb 2………….etc

S + wouldn’t + verb 1….+ object…………..etc

Would + S + verb  1 ….+ object ……….…..etc ?

Example :

1.   Saya akan datang ANDAIKATA kamu mengundang saya
I would come if you invited me
2.   Tom akan melakukan perjalanan JIKA dia punya uang
Tom would travel if he had more money

Exercise : Translate these sentences into English!
1.      Jika saya jadi kamu, saya tidak akan membeli rumah itu
2.      Saya akan keluar jika hari tidak hujan
3.      Jika saya kaya, saya akan membeli sebuah villa
4.      Jika saya dapat berbicara bahasa inggris, saya akan pergi keluar negeri
5.      Saya tidak akan keberatan  tinggal di Amerika jika cuacanya bagus 

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Future Perfect Continous Tense)


Chapter 12
PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE


S + will have been + verb 4………since……….

S + won’t have been + verb 4…….since……….

Will + S + have been + verb 4……since……….?

QW + will + S + have been + verb 4….since…..?

Example :

          Mereka tengah akan belajar sejak pagi besok
     (+) They will have been studying since this morning
     (-)  They  won’t have been studying  since this morning
     (?) Will they have been studying since this morning ?


Translate these sentences into English !
1.      Menjelang akhir tahun ini kami akan sudah mempelajari bahasa inggris  selama tiga tahun
2.      Menjelang hari natal saya akan sudah bekerja di kantor ini selama lima tahun
3.      Menjelang liburan sekolah ini saya sudah mengikuti tes selama 5 kali
4.      Menjelang hari raya idul fitri saya sudah akan dua kali pulang ke desa

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Future Perfect Tense)


Chapter 11
PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT TENSE


S + will have + verb 3 + ……….by the end……

S + won’t have + Verb 3 + ………..by the end….

Will + S + have + Verb 3 +  ………by the end…. ?

QW + will + S + have +Verb 3 +…………by the end… ?

Example :

                Kita sudah akan tiba  di Jakarta besok sore.
      (+)   We will have  arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon
      (-)        We won’t have  arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon
(?)    Will we have  arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon ?


Translate these sentences into English !
1.      John sudah akan selesai mengerjakan pekerjaanya menjelang akhir minggu ini
2.      Menjelang minggu depan saya akan selesai membaca buku ini
3.      Menjelang bulan depan  dia akan membayar hutangnya
4.      Kami sudah akan mendapat rumah baru menjelang akhir tahun ini 

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Future Continous Tense)


Chapter 10 
PRESENT FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE


S + will be + Verb 4 + O + at…………..o’clock

S + won’t be + Verb 4 + O + at………..o’clock

Will + S + be + Verb 4 + O + at……….o’clock ?

QW + will + S + be +Verb 4…………o’clock ?

Example :

         Kamu sedang akan pergi ke sekolah pukul 7 besok pagi
(+)    You will be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
(-)     You won’t be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning
(?)    Will you be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning ?


Translate these sentences into English !
1.      George sedang akan meninggalkan Indonesia pada pukul 9 besok pagi
2.      Saya sedang  akan menyelesaikan PR itu sore nanti
3.      Dia (pr) sedang akan menonton acara di stadion tersebut nanti malam
4.      Mereka sedang akan makan malam di restauran itu nanti malam
5.      Para karyawan sedang akan menyelesaikan pekerjaan itu pukul 9 nanti malam

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Perfect Continous Tense)


Chapter 9
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE


S + had been + verb 4…………when S + V2

S + hadn’t been +  Verb 4……… when S + V2

Had + S + been  + verb 4………… when S + V2 ?

QW + had + S + been + verb 4………  when S + V2 ?


Example :
        Mereka tengah mengerjakan PR ketika saya datang kemarin 
      (+)   They had been doing the homework when I came yesterday
(-)         They hadn’t been doing the homework when I came yesterday
(?)    Had they been doing the homework when I came yesterday ?


Translate these sentences into English !
1.       Mereka sudah bermain bola selama satu jam ketika ada petir yang menakutkan
2.       Ken sudah merokok selama 30 tahun ketika akhirnya dia berhenti
3.       Orkestra itu sudah bermain  selama sepuluh menit ketika seorang laki laki berteriak
4.        Saya sudah mengetik selama tiga puluh menit ketika listrik itu padam
5.       Mereka sudah tidur selama 6 jam ketika kebakaran itu terjadi

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Perfect Continous Tense)


Chapter 8
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE


S + have/has + been + verb 4…………etc

S + haven’t/hasn’t + been + verb 4……etc

Have/has + S + been + verb 4……….etc ?

QW + have/has + S + been + verb 4…etc ?

Example :

-          Pelajar pelajar tengah menyanyi sejak pagi ini
      +    The students have been singing since this morning
-          The students haven’t been singing since this morning
?    Have the students been singing since this morning ?

Translate these sentences  into English !
1.      Hari sudah hujan selama dua jam
2.      Berapa lama kamu sudah belajar bahasa inggris ?
3.      Saya sudah menonton acara TV tersebut sejak dua jam
4.      Dia (pr) sudah bermain tenis sejak dia berumur 8 tahun 
5.      Berapa lama kamu suah merokok ?
6.      Mereka sudah bermain PS selama tiga jam

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Perfect Tense)


Chapter 7
PAST PERFECT TENSE

We use the Past perfect to say that something had already happened before this time :

Example :

-          When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home
-          When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had stolen my fur coat.
-          George didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because he had already seen the film twice.
-          It was my first time in an aeroplane. I was very nervous because I hadn’t flown before.


The pattern:

S + had + verb 3…………when/before S + V2

S + hadn’t +  Verb 3……… when/before S + V2

Had + S + verb 3………… when/before S + V2 ?

QW + had + S + verb 3………  when/before S + V2 ?

Translate these sentences into English !

1.      Rumah itu sangat sunyi ketika saya tiba. Semua orang sudah pergi tidur.
2.      Saya merasa sangat lelah ketika saya pulang, jadi saya langsung pergi tidur
3.      Saya tidak lapar, saya baru saja makan siang.
4.      To tidak bearada di rumah ketika saya tiba. Dia baru saja keluar.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Perfect Tense)


Chapter 6
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

We often use the present perfect Tense to give new information or to announce recent happening:
e.g. Do you know about Mary ? She’s gone to Jakarta.

We can use the Present Perfect Tense with already to say that something has happened sooner than expected :
e.g. Don’t forget to post this letter, will you? I’ve already posted it.

We  can use the Present Perfect Tense with just (= a short time ago)
e.g. Would you like something to eat? ‘No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch’.

We talk about a period of time that continuous up to the present, we use the present perfect.
e.g. Dave: Have you travelled a lot, Nora?
       Nora: Yes, I have been to 47 different countries.

We often use ever and never with the present perfect:
e.g. have you ever eaten caviar?
       We have never had a car.

We have to use present perfect Tense with This is the first time…, It the first time…
e.g. This is the first time  he has driven a car. (not drives)

We often use the present perfect with yet. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences: e.g. Has it stopped raining yet ? (not ‘did it stop’).

The pattern:

S + have/has + verb 3……………………….etc

S + haven’t/hasn’t +  Verb 3…………….….etc

Have/has + S + verb 3………………….. ….etc?

QW + have/has + S + verb 3………………..etc? 

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Continous Tense)


Chapter 5
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

We use past continuous Tense to say that someone was in the middle of doing something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before this time but hadn’t finished:

This time last year I was living in Brazil

We often use the past continuous Tense and the past simple together to say that something happened in the middle of something else:
When I was working in the garden, I hurt my back.
The pattern :
S +  was/were + verb/ing………………….When + s + Verb 2…….……

S + was/were + not + Verb/ing…………….When + s + Verb 2…………

Was/were + S + verb/ing…………………. When + s + Verb 2 ……. ….?

QW + was/were + S + verb/ing……………When + s + Verb 2 …………? 

e.g.  (+)    She was cooking rice when Tom came yesterday
        (-)    She wasn’t cooking rice when Tom came yesterday
        (?)   Was she cooking rice when Tom came yesterday ?

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Tense)


Chapter 4
PRESENT TENSE

Present Tense is used to talk about something in general. And it is also used to talk about something which is happened repeatedly or habituallly activities.
e.g.  (+)  The earth goes round the sun
        (-)  The earth doesn’t go round the sun
  (?)  Does the earth go round the sun ?

(+)  I get up at 8 o’clock every morning
(-)  I don’t get up at 8 o’clock every morning
(?)  Do you get up at 8 o’clock very morning?
The pattern :
S +  Verb 1 (s/es)…………………………………… Everyday/today

S + don’t/doesn’t + Verb 1…………………… ……Everyday/today

Do/Does + S + Verb 1………………………………Everyday/today?

QW + Do/does  + S + Verb 1…………………….…Everyday/today? 

We use the present simple when wse say how often we do things:
e.g. How often do you go to the dentist ?
       Mary doesn’t often drink tea.

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Present Future Tense)


Chapter 3
PRESENT FUTURE TENSE

We often use will in this situation:
Offering to do something:
e.g. That bag looks heavy. I’ll help with it.

Agreeing and refusing to do something:
e.g. I’ve asked john to help me but he won’t

Promising to do something.
e.g. I will come to your house tonight. I promise.

Asking someone to do something.
Will you close the window,please!

A. The positive pattern of Present Future tense is as follows:
S + will/shall + Verb 1…………………………………… Tomorrow
             
 Example:
           1.  John will  run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month.
           2.  Mrs.Maria Eva will play badminton  tomorrow

B. The negative pattern of Present Future tense is as follows:

S + won’t/shan’t + Verb 1…………………… …………  Tomorrow
              
 Example:
          1.  John won’t  run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month.
          2.  Mrs.Maria Eva won’t play badminton  tomorrow

C. The Interrogative pattern of Present Future tense is as follows

Will/Shall + S + Verb 1………………………………….. Tomorrow? 

Example :
        1.  will John   run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month? Yes, He will/No,he won’t.
        2.  will Mrs.Maria Eva  play badminton  tomorrow? Yes, She will/No, she won’t

D. The QW pattern of Present Future tense is as follows


QW + will/shall  + S + Verb 1…………………….………Tomorrow? 
         
Example :  
        1.  when will John   run a restaurant in Jakarta?  Next month
        2.  who will    run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month? John will
        3.  where will John   run a restaurant  Next month? Next month
        4.  what will John  do in Jakarta Next month? Running a restaurant


We often use will to be going to when we say what we have already decided to do, what we intend to do in the future.
e.g. A:There’s a film on television tonight. Are you going to watch it?
       B: No, I am too tired. I am going to have an early night.

The pattern :

S + am/is/are + going to + Verb 1……………………………………

S +am/is/are + not + going to + Verb 1…………………… …………

Am/is/are + S + going to + Verb 1………………………………….. .? 

QW + am/is/are + S + going to + verb 1…………………………… ..? 

Belajar Bahasa Inggris (Past Tense)


 CHAPTER 2

 PAST TENSE


2.1. The Use of Simple Past Tense
We use the past simple to talk about actions or situations in the past.

2.2.   The Adverbs of time  used
       
         The adverbs of time used in this tense are Yesterday, last….., a week ago, this morning , last night, yesterday morning, yesterweek, yestermonth, yesteryear, etc.

2.3.    The Patterns of Simple Past  Tense

          2.3.1. The Positive Pattern

S + Verb 2…………………………………………………… Yesterday
              
               Examples :
1.      John saw a crocodile in the river yesterday.
2.      We studied English  here last week.
3.      They played football in the field yesteryear  

              2.3.2. The Negative Pattern

S + didn’t + Verb 1…………………………………… ……..Yesterday
              
              Examples :
1.      John didn’t see a crocodile in the river yesterday.
2.      We didn’t study here last week.
3.      They didn’t play football in the field yesteryear.

               2.3.3. The Interrogative Pattern

Did  + S + Verb 1……………………………………………..Yesterday? 
               
              Examples:
1.      Did John see a crocodile in the river yesterday ? Yes, he did/No, he didn’t
2.      Did you study here last week ? Yes, we did/ No, we didn’t
3.      Did they play football in the field yesteryear? Yes, they did/No, they didn’t

             2.3.4. The Question-word Pattern

QW + did  + S + Verb 1……………………………….………Yesterday? 
            
             Examples:
1.      What  did John see in the river yesterday ? a crocodile
2.      When did John see a crocodile in the river? yesterday 

QW +  Verb 2……………………………….………Yesterday? S + did 
            
             Examples :
1.      Who saw a crocodile in the river yesterday ? John did
2.      What grew in the rice-field last year? A coconut tree did

     EXERCISE I : Translate these sentences into English !
  1. Kami menjual mobil kami kemarin
  2. Apakah kamu pergi ke luar tadi malam ?
  3. Dia tidak datang ke pesta itu minggu lalu
  4. Apakah kamu tidur nyenyak tadi malam ?
  5. Kami menjual rumah kami di Jakarta tahun lalu.
  6. Manajer pemasaran tersebut melakukan penelitian minggu lalu.
  7. Apakah perusahaan anda menjual kursi tahun lalu ? Ya.
  8. Kapan anda menjalankan usaha anda di Jakarta ? tahun lalu
  9. Siapa yang  membuat kue itu kemarin ? ibu saya.
  10. Apa yang jatuh di jalan kemarin ? Tas saya.

      EXERCISE II. Change the following sentences into (+), (-), ( ?),  Present Continous Tense.

1.      Tom saw the cats having business under the tree yesterday
2.      They played cricket at school last week
3.      Did the policeman arrest the thief last night ?
4.      The teacher did not attend the meeting this morning